{"id":3388,"date":"2025-08-28T22:25:03","date_gmt":"2025-08-29T02:25:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/?p=3388"},"modified":"2025-08-28T23:06:00","modified_gmt":"2025-08-29T03:06:00","slug":"crc-ffpe-blocks-with-mlh1-pms2-msh2-and-msh6-advancing-colorectal-cancer-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/crc-ffpe-blocks-with-mlh1-pms2-msh2-and-msh6-advancing-colorectal-cancer-research\/","title":{"rendered":"CRC FFPE Blocks with MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6: Advancing Colorectal Cancer Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"293\" data-end=\"310\">Explore CRC FFPE blocks with MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 IHC results.<\/h2>\n<h2 data-start=\"293\" data-end=\"310\">Introduction<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"311\" data-end=\"790\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arraysbank.com\/paraffin-tissue-blocks\/sections?disease=Colorectal%20cancer%20%28CRC%29\">Colorectal cancer (CRC)<\/a> is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. A key factor in CRC progression and treatment outcomes is <strong data-start=\"475\" data-end=\"515\">DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency<\/strong>, which leads to microsatellite instability (MSI). To study these mechanisms effectively, researchers require <strong data-start=\"625\" data-end=\"695\">high-quality FFPE (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded) tissue blocks<\/strong> annotated with mismatch repair protein expression, including <strong data-start=\"757\" data-end=\"787\">MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"792\" data-end=\"984\">ArraysBank offers a wide collection of <strong data-start=\"831\" data-end=\"850\">CRC FFPE blocks<\/strong> with detailed clinical and immunohistochemical data, supporting translational research, biomarker validation, and drug development.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"986\" data-end=\"989\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1041\">The Role of MMR Proteins in Colorectal Cancer<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1224\">DNA mismatch repair is essential for maintaining genomic stability. Deficiency in <strong data-start=\"1124\" data-end=\"1153\">MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6<\/strong> results in accumulation of mutations, which can drive tumorigenesis.<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1606\">\n<li data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1333\">\n<p data-start=\"1228\" data-end=\"1333\"><strong data-start=\"1228\" data-end=\"1236\">MLH1<\/strong> \u2013 Often silenced by promoter hypermethylation, strongly associated with sporadic MSI-high CRC.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1334\" data-end=\"1427\">\n<p data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1427\"><strong data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1344\">PMS2<\/strong> \u2013 Works as a partner of MLH1; loss of PMS2 often coincides with MLH1 deficiency.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1520\">\n<p data-start=\"1430\" data-end=\"1520\"><strong data-start=\"1430\" data-end=\"1438\">MSH2<\/strong> \u2013 A core mismatch repair gene; germline mutations are linked to Lynch syndrome.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1521\" data-end=\"1606\">\n<p data-start=\"1523\" data-end=\"1606\"><strong data-start=\"1523\" data-end=\"1531\">MSH6<\/strong> \u2013 Partner gene of MSH2; loss may occur in Lynch syndrome\u2013associated CRC.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1608\" data-end=\"1781\">The <strong data-start=\"1612\" data-end=\"1626\">IHC status<\/strong> of these proteins is a critical diagnostic tool to distinguish sporadic MSI-high CRC from Lynch syndrome, guiding both treatment and genetic counseling.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1783\" data-end=\"1786\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"1788\" data-end=\"1831\">Features of ArraysBank CRC FFPE Blocks<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1832\" data-end=\"1944\">Our <strong data-start=\"1836\" data-end=\"1855\">CRC FFPE blocks<\/strong> are carefully collected, preserved, and annotated to support advanced cancer research:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2314\">\n<li data-start=\"1946\" data-end=\"2029\">\n<p data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"2029\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arraysbank.com\/paraffin-tissue-blocks\/sections\"><strong data-start=\"1948\" data-end=\"1976\">FFPE tumor tissue blocks<\/strong><\/a> with confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma diagnosis<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2096\">\n<p data-start=\"2032\" data-end=\"2096\"><strong data-start=\"2032\" data-end=\"2063\">Immunohistochemical results<\/strong> for MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2097\" data-end=\"2191\">\n<p data-start=\"2099\" data-end=\"2191\"><strong data-start=\"2099\" data-end=\"2120\">Clinical metadata<\/strong> including tumor grade, stage, and treatment history (when available)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2192\" data-end=\"2258\">\n<p data-start=\"2194\" data-end=\"2258\"><strong data-start=\"2194\" data-end=\"2228\">High tumor cell content (&gt;20%)<\/strong> and minimal necrosis (&lt;10%)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2259\" data-end=\"2314\">\n<p data-start=\"2261\" data-end=\"2314\"><strong data-start=\"2261\" data-end=\"2296\">Available matched normal tissue<\/strong> in select cases<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2316\" data-end=\"2441\">These well-characterized blocks provide researchers with reproducible and ethically sourced material for molecular studies.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2443\" data-end=\"2446\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"2448\" data-end=\"2477\">Applications in Research<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2478\" data-end=\"2569\">CRC FFPE blocks with MMR protein annotation are invaluable for multiple research domains:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"2571\" data-end=\"3195\">\n<li data-start=\"2571\" data-end=\"2703\">\n<p data-start=\"2574\" data-end=\"2621\"><strong data-start=\"2574\" data-end=\"2619\">Microsatellite Instability (MSI) Research<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2625\" data-end=\"2703\">\n<li data-start=\"2625\" data-end=\"2703\">\n<p data-start=\"2627\" data-end=\"2703\">Study the impact of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 deficiency on MSI-high CRC.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2705\" data-end=\"2811\">\n<p data-start=\"2708\" data-end=\"2736\"><strong data-start=\"2708\" data-end=\"2734\">Lynch Syndrome Studies<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2740\" data-end=\"2811\">\n<li data-start=\"2740\" data-end=\"2811\">\n<p data-start=\"2742\" data-end=\"2811\">Differentiate hereditary CRC from sporadic forms using IHC results.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2813\" data-end=\"2927\">\n<p data-start=\"2816\" data-end=\"2841\"><strong data-start=\"2816\" data-end=\"2839\">Biomarker Discovery<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2845\" data-end=\"2927\">\n<li data-start=\"2845\" data-end=\"2927\">\n<p data-start=\"2847\" data-end=\"2927\">Identify prognostic and predictive biomarkers linked to DNA repair deficiency.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2929\" data-end=\"3064\">\n<p data-start=\"2932\" data-end=\"2954\"><strong data-start=\"2932\" data-end=\"2952\">Drug Development<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2958\" data-end=\"3064\">\n<li data-start=\"2958\" data-end=\"3064\">\n<p data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3064\">Evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapies (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) in MSI-high colorectal cancers.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3066\" data-end=\"3195\">\n<p data-start=\"3069\" data-end=\"3090\"><strong data-start=\"3069\" data-end=\"3088\">Educational Use<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3094\" data-end=\"3195\">\n<li data-start=\"3094\" data-end=\"3195\">\n<p data-start=\"3096\" data-end=\"3195\">Train pathology residents and researchers in MMR protein analysis through real-world CRC samples.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr data-start=\"3197\" data-end=\"3200\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"3202\" data-end=\"3224\">Quality Assurance<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3225\" data-end=\"3269\">At ArraysBank, quality is ensured through:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3271\" data-end=\"3539\">\n<li data-start=\"3271\" data-end=\"3323\">\n<p data-start=\"3273\" data-end=\"3323\"><strong data-start=\"3273\" data-end=\"3321\">IRB-compliant sourcing and ethical standards<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3324\" data-end=\"3387\">\n<p data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3387\"><strong data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3354\">Pathologist verification<\/strong> of diagnosis and tumor content<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3388\" data-end=\"3462\">\n<p data-start=\"3390\" data-end=\"3462\"><strong data-start=\"3390\" data-end=\"3421\">Multi-layer quality control<\/strong>, including H&amp;E and IHC staining review<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3463\" data-end=\"3539\">\n<p data-start=\"3465\" data-end=\"3539\"><strong data-start=\"3465\" data-end=\"3512\">Secure storage and FedEx overnight shipping<\/strong> for optimal preservation<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"3541\" data-end=\"3544\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"3546\" data-end=\"3561\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3875\"><strong data-start=\"3562\" data-end=\"3625\">CRC FFPE blocks with MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 annotations<\/strong> provide a robust foundation for colorectal cancer research. By offering insights into <strong data-start=\"3712\" data-end=\"3794\">DNA mismatch repair deficiency, microsatellite instability, and Lynch syndrome<\/strong>, these samples accelerate biomarker validation and drug discovery in oncology.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3877\" data-end=\"4105\">ArraysBank\u2019s extensive tissue repository\u2014spanning more than <strong data-start=\"3937\" data-end=\"4019\">2 million paraffin blocks across 15+ anatomical systems and 50+ anatomic sites<\/strong>\u2014ensures reliable access to high-quality specimens for cutting-edge cancer research.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3877\" data-end=\"4105\">Learn more about our <a class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4130\" data-end=\"4179\">tissue array and FFPE solutions<\/a> to support your colorectal cancer studies.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3389\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3389\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-3389\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-1024x457.png\" alt=\"Colorectal cancer FFPE block with MLH1 PMS2 MSH2 MSH6 IHC results\" width=\"1024\" height=\"457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-1024x457.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-768x342.png 768w, https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-1536x685.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Colorectal-cancer-FFPE-block-with-MLH1-PMS2-MSH2-MSH6-IHC-results-2048x913.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3389\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Colorectal cancer FFPE block with MLH1 PMS2 MSH2 MSH6 IHC results<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explore CRC FFPE blocks with MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 IHC results. Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. A key factor in CRC progression and treatment outcomes is DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, which leads to microsatellite instability (MSI). To study these mechanisms effectively, researchers [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tissue-block-section"],"blocksy_meta":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3388"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3390,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3388\/revisions\/3390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraysbank.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}